Psychology and Sensation Seeker

Take a look at the material on sensation seeking on page 286 (Ch. 11). Do you consider yourself a sensation seeker? Why or why not? What are the advantages and disadvantages of your level of sensation seeking? I am not a sensation seeker because I prefer peace and happiness. I am the type of person that likes to see the same people and have a routine to follow which I feel comfortable in. The advantages of my level of sensation seeking are that I am more likely to find peace and happiness compared to someone who has a higher level of sensation seeking.The disadvantages might be people calling me boring and not having as much fun as I should be having. How would you rate your own achievement motivation? Why? In what ways is this an advantage to you? In what ways is it a disadvantage? I would rate my own achievement motivation very high. I say this because I fit all of the descriptions mentioned in the book and I enjoy excelling in the things I do. When I have an easy task in front of me I find it boring but when I have a difficult task I tend to feel worried because I might do poorly.This is an advantage because I know it pushes me to do better in all of the things I do in my life. It is a disadvantage because my self-esteem can be lowered when I don’t do well on something and it might also affect those around me. What did you learn about yourself from reading about the trait theories of personality? I learned that I have the following traits: Openness, Conscientiousness and Agreeableness. I am opened to new ideas, self-disciplined, sociable, talkative and affectionate.I am a weird mix because I am opened to new ideas but I tend to like routines and being comfortable with my surroundings. At the same time I am sociable, talkative and affectionate which is kind of weird. To better explain I am a junior accountant at a commercial real estate company who sits in a cubicle all day but I am very outgoing and talkative like a salesperson. I always get complimen ts from people for being so outgoing while being an accountant which is a weird thing. What did you learn about yourself from reading the other theories of personality? List and explain at least three things. ) I now know I am aware of my actions which is something I never really thought about before. I also learned that I am a person who enjoys doing things for the thrill that comes from doing things instead of doing things for the outcome. I also learned that I am self-disciplined which is something I never paid attention to before either. These are great things I learned about myself from reading the theories of personality which I would of never thought of before.How will you use this material on personality to improve your relationships (personal and/or professional)? I will use this information in order to better understand myself and other in both my personal and professional life. I know no two people are alike and now I can manage to speak to them and treat them based on th eir personality so they feel comfortable. I will also use this material to better understand myself and my way of thinking in order to excel at the things I do.

Cultural-Adaptation Essay

The East African tribe ‘Maasai’ can be found in Kenya and certain parts of Tanzania. Their subsistence strategy has primarily been pastoral for several centuries. The Maasai herd cows, sheep and goats for a livelihood as they depend on the meat and milk for their survival. The Maasai are also semi-nomadic people, making them pastoral nomads (O’Neil 2). This helps them move from place to place, in search of better climatic and external conditions suitable for raising their herd animals. They constantly move to areas having greener pastures and adequate water to ensure that their livestock are healthier; it also facilitates grass growing back again in areas that have been grazed by cattle. Their choice of location would also depend upon other factors such as safety from predators such as lions. The Maasai do not construct permanent settlements as they are constantly on the move; they live in temporary dwellings that are simple to construct. The social structure of the Maasai has played a key role in preserving the tribe’s primary subsistence strategy as pastoral for centuries. The age-based social structure is quite fair and consistent as there is no discrimination based on caste or familial segregations. However, there are certain gender-based roles and customs within the tribe. The men are divided into the youths, the warriors also know as ‘moran’, and the elders. On the other hand, the young girls get married to warrior men, bear children and raise them; the women can also become elders after their bear four children. The youths become warriors around the â€Å"age of 13 to 17† and move to a different village, live in unsecure enclosures called ‘manyatta’ built by their mothers and eventually get married (Martin 7). It is the duty of the warriors to ensure that the tribe is safe and cattle are protected from predators. They are mentally conditioned as well as physically trained from a very young age to perform this duty. The Maasai women specialize in building houses from sticks, mud and cow dung. This helps the tribe to move from place to place easily and sustain their semi-nomadic way of life. The Maasai men also build thorn fences to keep their cattle safe in enclosures. The elders are supposed to impart wisdom and live passive lives, as the responsibilities and duties of the tribe pass over to the next generation of warriors. The authority figure in their social system is a person known as laibon, roughly translated as ’medicine man’; the ‘laibon’ also fills the religious needs of the tribe and practices shamanism for healing. This uniform socio-cultural structure lends stability and contributes to the subsistence of the Maasai way of life, as there is very little room for rebellion within the group. Many aboriginal cultures around the world are going through transition due to modernization and the Maasai are no exception to this rule. Urbanization had led to the Maasai being confined to smaller areas, thus threatening their way of life. To cope with these changes, a small segment of the tribe has recently changed its subsistence strategy to agriculture, fishing and taking menial jobs in urbanized areas. The tourism industry promoted by the government has compelled certain Maasai tribes to diverge away from their self-sufficient lifestyle and act as showpieces for tourists (Akama 717). However, the Maasai still retain certain aspects of their cultural identify such as speaking a language called ‘Maa’ and wearing a red cloth called the ‘shuka’; they also pierce their earlobes and adorn large metal earrings. Despite the influence of the modern world, a large segment of the Maasai tribe is still quite self-sufficient as they produce their own food from cattle and take care of other needs such as shelter and medicine. Works Cited Page Akama, John. Marginalization of the Maasai in Kenya. Annals of Tourism Research, Volume 26, Number 3, July 1999. Martin, Marlene. Society-MASAI. The Center for Social Anthropology and Computing. June 14, 2009, O’Neil, Dennis. (2007). Patterns of Subsistence: Pastoralism. Palomar College. June 14, 2009,

Government Discussion Question ( Essay) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Government Discussion Question ( ) - Essay Example rment to overturn any unconstitutional act by the Congress and observed that the judiciary â€Å"will always be the least dangerous to the political rights of the Constitution because it will be least in capacity to annoy or injure them†. His observation was on the basis that the judiciary has â€Å"no influence over either the sword or the purse† meaning the Court could not influence either the legislative or the executive. Agreeing with Hamilton’s views on the power of the Court, O’Brien in his analysis of the role of the Supreme Court in American democracy acknowledges limitations of the Court in the matter of policy making and bringing social change having by itself â€Å"no chance to resolve great issues of public policy†. However, he contradicts Hamilton’s contention that the Court is â€Å"least dangerous† and contends that it is no longer so. The Supreme Court, according to O’Brien, by getting increasingly activist has b ecome a â€Å"storm center† of national politics. Hamilton’s vision of a completely independent Court has not materialized and instead the judiciary has found itself acting under external pressures from the executive, legislature and the public opinion. Devoid of the power of â€Å"the sword or the purse†, the Court depends for the impact of its rulings and their influences on the policymaking on the political institutions of the country and the public opinion. The confrontations consequent upon the school desegregation ruling in the Brown v. Board of Education case (1954) is a pointer to the Court’s policymaking limitations. Hamilton’s observation that â€Å"there is no liberty if the power of judging be not separated from the legislative and executive powers† was intended to mean that people’s democratic right would be in danger if the Court does not independently act to uphold that right. The same concern is reflected in O’Brien’s argument for the Court to be an institution of prestige freeing itself from the political

Project Statistics Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Statistics Project Example That is, an increase in Qatar’s GDP by one unit will increase the value of Qatar’s exports by 4268.572. An increase importing country’s GDP by one unit will increase the value of Qatar’s value of exports by 294.0738. On the other hand, an increase in distance by one unit will increase the value of export by 20763.51. from the analysis above, it is clear that distance is the greatest contributor of value of exports. The GDP of Qatar was valued at $192,390,104,345 billion in 2012. The Gross Domestic Product value of Qatar represents 0.30% of the world’s economy. Between the years 1970 and 2012, Qatar’s GDP was averaged at $27.03 Billion reaching an all-time high of $192,390,104,345 billion in 2012 and low of $0.30 in 1970. The World Bank is the principal reporter of Qatar’s GDP. To understand the link between real GDP and the imports of cereals in Qatar, it is important to examine the indicators of international trade. It is important to note that the distance from the location of a commodity will affect the costs of obtaining the same commodity. It is therefore prudent to obtain the commodity at a market that will not increase the prices of the goods. The volume of international trade will depend majorly on the GDP of a nation. This implies that productivity and consumption level of an economy are directly linked. An increase in the production limits in a country will resul t in a proportional increase in real GDP of that country and

Governance and Risk in Finance, Term Project 1 Essay

Governance and Risk in Finance, Term Project 1 - Essay Example The macro risk factors can be political, economical, social and technological factors called PEST analysis. The macro economic variables generating macro risks are price indexes, exchange rates, commodity prices, variables of monetary policy etc. However, there are certain credit rating agencies who give credit rating to institutions from excellent to poor like A.M.Best, Dun & Bradstreet, Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s, and Fitch Ratings. The Standard & Poor gives rating scale ranging from AAA to BBB to CCC to D. Rating lower than BBB- is considered as junk or speculative bond. Sound corporate governance enables organizations to control risk beforehand. Hostile takeovers are often seen as from governance point of view as the threat of takeover is believed to exert pressure on managers to act protecting the interest of shareholders. Content Corporate governance can be referred to as the structure and processes through which the affairs and business of an institution are mana ged and directed in order to improve the shareholder value over long term through enhancement of accountability and corporate performance considering the interest of other stakeholders. Risk management is referred to as the assessment, identification and risk prioritisation. It refers to as the effect of uncertainty on objectives. Governance and risk in finance are closely related concerns. In fact, governance, risk and compliance (GRC) are integrated in terms of avoiding conflict and gaps within an organisation. It is interpreted in various organizations in different manner. It encompasses activities of corporate governance, corporate compliance with laws and regulations applicable and enterpriser risk management (ERM). Introduction Corporate governance does not provide any single, accepted definition. It implies the way in which a company can be managed to ensure all of its stakeholders so that they can get their fair share from the earnings of the business or from the firmâ€℠¢s assets. It provides the system of directing and controlling the companies. In present days, corporate governance not only encompasses the interest of shareholders but also many stakeholders. The reason underlying this fact is that interest of shareholders can only be satisfied by taking into account the interest of stakeholders as companies accountable to all of their stakeholders are more successful and prosperous over the long term. So, corporate governance rests on the perception of maximising value creation by companies over long term by discharging the accountability to all of their stakeholders and by optimizing the system of corporate governance. It is also based on the economic concept of maximising market value that underpaid shareholder capitalism as it frames rule to conduct business in accordance with the desires of shareholders and owner, requiring to make money as much as possible confirming to the basic rules of society as embodied in local customs and law. There a re challenges in modern society to deal with risk appropriately and effectively manage it. International Risk Governance Council (IRGC) has given certain governance mechanisms to effectively deal with risks. Implementing such governance mechan

CVS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

CVS - Essay Example To keep growing its elderly client base, the areas that it should emphasize on include, optimal satisfaction, accuracy and speed, helpfulness and courtesy, and improve knowledge of the pharmacists. This way, the elderly population in need of confrontational services from qualified pharmacists can get personal advice with regard to understanding their personal health concerns, get consistent access to appropriate medication, receive customized services, and encounter short wait times. By engaging in these practices, CVS would be in a position to outperform major competing drug stores and address the needs of the elderly appropriately (Smart Retailing, 2014). To encourage older people to visit CVS Pharmacy, it should engage in practices that allow it to market its services actively to attract new clients. The store should lay emphasis on the advantages that its services bring in all the marketing activities it undertakes, mostly mailings, advertisements, and Internet marketing. For instance, allowing senior citizens to question their prevailing drug choice is vital in encouraging them to keep visiting the store. Although costs as well as convenience play a key role in determining the ways that older patients choose a pharmacy, care is a key determinant. Hence, it is vital for CVS to consider embarking on strong marketing through advertisements, mails, and other strategies that are appealing to old people. This way, the store would manage to ask whether clients are getting the care and convenience they need from the pharmacy (Smart Retailing, 2014). Promoting what makes a drug store unique is vital in encouraging senior citizens with medical problems to consume products from the pharmacy. The company can market low prices or 24/7 service provision. The pharmacy needs to play its key strengths as well as implement a messaging initiative to enforce the unique services it offers, such as service delivery

Personal Statement - For Texas A&M admission Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

- For Texas A&M admission - Personal Statement Example This will aid me contribute positively to the global energy sector, and the society. Ever since my early years, I have always had a strong determination. This willpower has enabled me to succeed evenly in dissimilar fields. For instance, I have participated in science projects from my early education, a factor that has helped me develop and interest in engineering. In addition, I also used to take an interest when my father, a car fanatic, repaired his car. Despite this interests being unlikely for a girl, this foundation developed my interest in engineering influencing my inclination to be a petroleum engineer. I am ambitious and confident in my life endeavors. For instance, I do not shy away from the challenge of boys during science projects. I believe that girls can also have an impact in the field of engineering. This confidence has cultivated my ambition to be a petroleum engineer. I believe I have the necessary drive and ambition to succeed in this field. Still, for this to be a possibility, admission to this esteemed university is

Balanced Reading Program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Balanced Reading Program - Essay Example Such issues have been addressed and overcome by the introduction of a balanced literacy program. The balanced reading approach offers effective techniques for enhancing reading, writing, listening, viewing and speaking skills of the students through its literacy program. According to Cohen and Cowen (2007): â€Å""The primary goal of a balanced literacy program is to teach reading, not as a skill broken into isolated steps, but as a lifelong learning process that promotes higher order thinking, problem solving and reasoning† (Pp. 37). The basic components of a Balanced Literacy Program include: Reading Alouds, Shared Reading, Guided reading, Independent Reading, Modeled/ Shared writing, Interactive Writing, and Independent Writing. The essential components of a Balanced Reading Program, on the other hand include: explicit instruction and practice in essential academic learning requirements which includes phonemic awareness, vocabulary, fluency, comprehension and thinking skills and strategies etc; Response to reading through writing, discussion and drama; Classroom environment i.e. conducting activities individually or in small groups, focusing on thinking and learning and problem-solving, as well as student interaction; High expectations, clear standards and continuous evaluation; Use of variety of materials such as fiction, non-fiction, and other popular genres; and Daily Reading which includes shared reading, reading to students by teachers, guided reading, and independent reading practice (Holcomb, 2004). This article on â€Å"IQ, Phonological Awareness and Continuous-naming Speed Related to Dutch Poor Decoding Childrens Performance on Two Word Identification Tests" by Kees van den Bos deals with the word identification variables and reading-related variables of intelligence, phonological awareness and continuous naming speed. For the purpose of this study, a series of experiments were conducted on children aged between 10 and 12 years who had poor

Comparative Legal System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Comparative Legal System - Essay Example Promissory estoppel brings principles of fairness and equity into the equation for the first time and lowers the bar to allow more informal arrangements to have force of law. While it would an overstatement to say that estoppel undermines common law rules of consideration—because courts have discretion whether to apply the doctrine or not—it certainly alters the significance of consideration in contract-making. The doctrine of promissory estoppel prevents a party in a legal relationship from withdrawing a promise made to another party if the latter has relied on that promise and acted upon it to his or her detriment. This doctrine was resurrected after many decades in obscurity by Lord Denning in Central London Property Trust Ltd v. High Trees House Ltd [1947] KB 130. In this case High Trees House leased a block of flats for a rate  £2500 per year from Central London Property Trust. Because of the war and the German bombing of London it was very hard to find people to live in the flats and High Trees was losing a lot of money. In 1940, the parties made an agreement in writing to reduce the rent by half. The period of time that this reduction was to last, however, was not clear. Over the next five years, High Trees paid the reduced rate. Then, in 1945, the flats were more popular and full again. There was a disagreement between the two parties and Central London sued for payment of the fu ll rental costs. In his ruling, Lord Denning wrote: I am satisfied that a promise such as that to which I have referred is binding and the only question remaining for my consideration is the scope of the promise in the present case. I am satisfied on all the evidence that the promise here was that the ground rent should be reduced to 1,250l. a year as a temporary expedient while the block of flats was not fully, or substantially fully let, owing to the conditions prevailing . . . I am satisfied that the promise was understood by all parties only to apply under the

Apple Financial Accounting Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Apple Financial Accounting - Case Study Example Paragraph no. 6 of Statement of financial Reporting Standards no. 48 states the criteria for recognizing revenue when right of return exists states that all the following exists: a) The seller's price to the buyer is substantially fixed or determinable at the date of sale, b) The buyer has paid the seller, or the buyer is obligated to pay the seller and the obligation is not contingent on resale of the product, c) The buyer's obligation to the seller would not be changed in the event of theft or physical destruction or damage of the product, d) The buyer acquiring the product for resale has economic substance apart from that provided by the seller, e) The seller does not have significant obligations for future performance to directly bring about resale of the product by the buyer, f) The amount of future returns can be reasonably estimated. This standard further states that the related sales and cost of sales not recognized at the time of the sale shall be recognized either when the return privilege has substantially or if those conditions are met whichever arrives first1. Further, the MacObserver article dated April 22, 2004 entitled TMO Reports - Apple Shareholder Meeting: Board of Directors & Auditors, In; Exec Salary Cap, Out(Chaffin, 1) stated that Apple Inc. retained its current external auditors, KPMG for the year 2004. This shows that the external auditors and Apple had complied with the engagement conditions established by both parties. In addition, KPMG continues to do other non -auditing jobs for Apple, Inc. KPMG continues its management advisory services and other related accounting services to Apple. This only shows that the client - auditor relationship between Apple, Inc. and KPMG is beneficial to both parties2. II. Bring summary of the firm chosen. Apple computers was founded by Steve Jobs. He had worked hard to produce a product that tower over its competitors in the computer industry. He wanted to invent an insanely great computer. Apple computers were then born. It continued to make revolutionary advances by introducing newer and better products. Apple is popularly known for introducing the first personal digital assistant called Newton. Its failure was successfully replaced by the Palm Pilot. This was an instant hit to the general public. Likewise, another Apple product, Mac, was also a very profitable success. The Mac clearly overpowered its competition in the computer market segment3. Currently, the company has been generating net profits amounting to $3,496 million as of October 2007. Likewise, the company generated net income amounting to a lesser $1,989 for the year October 20064. Apple has many strategies implemented to maintain its lead in the computer sales segment. The company even offers low monthly payments, defe rral of principal amounts due and other special offers to increase its sales and offers to keep its top spot in the computer world. The company also offers lease programs for people who cannot yet pay cash up front5. III. Subsections a. How does the firm classify and account for the rule Apple, Inc., is firm in its stand to classify and account for revenues in accordance with statement of financial accounting standards no. 48. One logical reason for this is that that external auditors, KMPG, would not back out from their yearly audit

Terrorist organizations Essay Example for Free

Terrorist organizations Essay Most of the terrorist organizations that have hit the headlines have religious connotations mostly leaning towards Islam. The al Qaeda, Hamas and Hezbolla all tend to lean towards Islam although this does not mean that Islam condones terrorism. Some of these organizations also fuse their religious motivations to address political grievances. Islamic martyrdom has become prevalent to an extent that most people draw parallelism between the two. Perpetrators of suicide terrorism do so in the belief that it is a ticket to heaven. This is done in the spirit of Jihad which is the advocated method of spreading Islam to infidels. This however has been widely refuted by Muslims. This is despite the indications in the polls carried out in the Middle East showing huge support for suicide terrorism. Suicide terrorism for political reasons is widely discredited but majority support such attacks if they are seen to eradiate enemies of Islam. This would explain the reason why most terror organizations invoke religion in their activities in the bid to draw support from the masses as well as to justify their actions. Muslim scholars have put up a spirited fight however against this discreditation of Islam by linking it to terrorism. Particularly they note the existing differences between martyrdom and terrorism. Latest attacks on the United States and in London were discredited as mere terrorist’s acts with no link whatsoever to spreading Islam. Other suicide terrorists are driven by ethno-nationalistic motivations. This is an argument that has been forwarded mostly by scholars that dispute the role of religion in terrorism. As afore mentioned, these scholars see religion as a mere excuse and justification. One of the key factors that are being seen as driving to suicide terrorism is foreign occupation. According to studies conducted on the subject, â€Å"resentment of Islamic nationals against occupation by the foreign forces, particularly Russia and the United States is contributing to the overall motivation of terrorism. † (Clarke Newman, 2006, 241) An analyzed case in point is the occupation of Palestine by Israel. Numerous scholarly papers have been written on the motivation of suicide bombers in Palestine. One motivation that has been refuted is religion with majority believing that such attacks have no basis in religion. They can however be traced to Israeli’s occupation and its perceived psychological impact to Palestinians. The young suicide bombers are not in any way suicidal but have come to be indoctrinated into a culture that is open to suicide terrorism. Suicide terrorism is advocated for in Palestine as Tore B (2005, 8) notes, â€Å"in Palestinian society and culture, these actions have a completely different meaning; they are acts of self sacrifice. † Palestine has been singled out as one place where nationalism has been a real motivation of suicide terrorism. Israel has had a heavy presence in the west bank and Palestinians have decrying lack of political sovereignty. This occupation according to scholars â€Å"has caused general despair and frustration among the Palestinians† (Tore B 8). Youngsters are being brought up with the knowledge that the Israelis are the source of country the various problems that they experience today. Such indoctrination produces elements that are ready to die in the process of freeing their territory from the yokes of Israel occupation. Where military resistance did not seem to bear any fruits, Palestinians turned to suicide terrorism in the bid to shake the Israelis military powers and demoralize them at home. Islamic scholarly articles have particularly hailed this seeing it as the final resort to Palestinians; this is despite its Western condemnation. Whatever the motivations behind suicide terrorism maybe, it is important to note that its wide usage is driven by a logic which in this case is coercion. All terror activities in general are but attempts to compel the existing regime and authority to concede to the laid down demands. This is done by inflicting pain and causing suffering to such a regime’s interests. A close observation of suicide terrorism reveals that it targets those that stand dialectically opposite to the terrorist’s mission or their sympathizers. Such acts are not carried out in isolation rather they are carried out together with intensified agitation and use of propaganda. The intention is to cause panic and discredit the existing regime. It is important to note here that suicide terrorism is characterized by the fact that the attacker is the weaker element and cannot survive conventional combat. The general feeling is that the perpetrators have exhausted all the existing avenues to air their grievances. Violence however is not the end; the end is to compel the opposers to come around to their line of thinking. As has been mentioned, suicide terrorism is more gruesome and result go huge fatalities in comparison to other forms. The logic behind this is to instill fear and draw huge media attention. They target the civilians to cause a feeling of insecurity and loss of confidence in the government. Target on military bases or personnel are to indicate that they have the capability of striking the core of the states security system. The use of suicide terrorism also makes it easier for the terrorist organizations to link their cause to religious foundations by labeling the attackers as martyrs. It makes the objectives and motivations of the attack look more plausible in the publics’ eyes. The determination to a point of death can in itself arouse sympathy and paint a picture of hard conviction as â€Å"the element of suicide itself helps increase the credibility of future attacks, because it suggests that the attackers cannot be deterred. † (Russell et al, 2006, 5). It is apparent that from the 1990s, terrorism has been on the increase. Security agencies have been put on high alert and Special Forces have been formed to fend off terrorism. Terrorists have stepped up their acts and are matching this increased vigilance with ingenuity moves. Suicide terrorism began taking shape in the 1980s but is in the 1990s that it began to be extensively applied. Like other modes of terrorism it is driven by various motivations which vary from economics, religion and ethno- nationalism. It has become a preferred tactic due to its mystic nature that denotes a high level of determination and invincibility. References Oscar Vilarroya, Francesc Forn I. Argimon 2007. Social Brain Matters: Stances on the Neurobiology of Social Cognition. Rodopi. Robert A. Pape. August 2003. The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism. The University of Chicago. American Political Science Review APSR. cls. Vol. 97, No. 3. Retrieved October 03, 2008 from http://www.danieldrezner.com/research/guest/Pape1.pdf

War In A Time of Peace Bush, Clinton, and the Generals Essay Example for Free

War In A Time of Peace Bush, Clinton, and the Generals Essay David Halberstam who is considered to be one of Pulitzers Prizewinning journalist write the sequel of â€Å"The Best and the Brightest† entitled â€Å"War In A Time of Peace Bush, Clinton, and the Generals. † In this great book he tries to evoke the internal conflicts, power struggles and unchecked ego within the White House, the military and the state department. He also shows here how the decisions of men who served in Vietnam War and even those who did not have shaped Americas role in global events. He provides the influential and fascinating power of Clinton, Bush, Reagan, Kissinger, Baker, Cheney, Albright and others to reveal a stunning view of modern politics in America and policy. Beginning with the Persian Gulf War, the author tries to discuss political shifts by emphasizing foreign to domestic issues which ushered Clintons administration. Despite the fact that Clinton, along with much of the country preferred to focus on the home front, America nonetheless found itself in conflict in Haiti, Somalia and the Balkans this events reflected American discomforts with the use of military forces abroad and at the same time acknowledging that majority of the world is dependent on the United States for guidance and support. Halberstam also noted the irony of the Gulf war since it was the time where lesser-known players who contributed to the picture were not overlooked. And the wrong branch of the service and the wrong military leaders were celebrated at its conclusion. He points out that President Bush got little electoral bounce from that first high tech, low casualty victory and that this was a lesson that Clinton never forgot. Then the author shifts to the conflict in Bosnia which\ch is a different kind. That war he says tested the United States commitment to moral goals in it foreign policy rather than simply to considerations of national security. Bosnia created a new political constituency in America on e that is â€Å"driven by a memory that connected these events to the atrocities of the Mazis and therefore demanded that other nations ask themselves what their larger purpose was. † War In A Time of Peace 2 Halberstam also noted. Reviewing the last pages of the book, the author gave his point of view in taking a glimpse of the future and the September 11, 2001 World trade center tragedy. The author tries to speculate and give a notion of wrong idea at the wrong time he notes that intelligence analysts believe â€Å"the threats to an open society like America comes form terrorist, rather than the military power of rogue states† which themselves present an exceptional target. Events and personalities clashed in this extraordinary book. The author masters the presentation of well-rounded portraits and in telling the anecdotes of the personalities that created United states policies over the past decades. It was really a historical book full of niche from the author that he himself had carved it is a luxurious product of about four to five years of research wherein any journalists or other people from all walks of life can be indulged and enjoy reading it. It gives a clear portrait of the emerging united States in its full and vivid human detail. War in a Time of Peace is really an interesting case for Americans. If they want to learn from the past decade, they should. If they want to think about the future they must. This is a guiding book for them to read so as to avoid conflicting ideas about politics and policy, leaders ad laws. And how it feels good to live in a strong and influential country like America. Reference David Halberstam, David, (2002). War In A Time of Peace Bush, Clinton, and the Generals.

E Commerce Also Called Electronic Commerce Information Technology Essay

E Commerce Also Called Electronic Commerce Information Technology Essay E-commerce, also called electronic commerce is use of the Internet and to transact the business. More formally, we must focus on the digital enabled commercial transactions between and among the organization and the individuals. Each of these components is very important in the e-commerce. The digitally enabled transactions are include all the transactions that mediated by the digital technology. These means the transactions will occur over the Internet and the Web. Besides that, the commercial transactions are involved with the exchange of the value such as money across the organizational or the individual boundaries in return for the services and the products. The exchange of the value is very important for understanding the limits of the e-commerce because without an exchange of the value, there will not have the commerce occurs. Other than that, e-commerce can do different types of the business activity such as online shopping, electronic payments, online auctions, internet banki ng, online ticketing and others. The online shopping is the people can buy or selling the goods through the Internet. The electronic payments are when the people buy the goods at the e-commerce website, they will be use the electronic payments to pay the fee and this also can reduce the inefficiency and associated with writing or mailing the checks. The internet banking is the people can do the banking operations through the banks website and no need to visit to the bank, so it will save our time. The online ticketing is the people can book the tickets such as train tickets, movie tickets, air tickets and other tickets through the online, so the people no need to queue up at the ticket counters. Moreover, there have the seven unique features of the e-commerce technology, which are ubiquity, global reach, universal standards, richness, interactivity, information density and personalization/ customization. So, the e-commerce website that I choose is the eBay.com. 3.0 Answer of Question 1: The eBay website is the website that allow the people sales or purchase the goods. The people can register the account of this website to get more clearly information and easily to sales your goods on this website or purchase the goods on this website. When people have the account, the website wills automatic record the history that they selling and purchasing and the people also can send the message to merchant to get more clearly information about the goods. 3.1 Seven Unique Features of E-commerce Besides that, there are the seven unique features of e-commerce technology inside this website and have one feature is implementing well and one is implementing poorly. 3.1.1 Ubiquity Ubiquity means that the commercial transaction or any activities that related with the e-commerce is available at everywhere such as at workplaces, at homes and even on the mobile devices and also can sign in to the e-commerce websites anytime. The ubiquity of e-commerce website can help the consumers reduces the transaction costs that the costs of participating in the market. In additional, the consumers no need to spend the time to go market to make a purchase. During this time, the people will always choose the path that requiring the least effort and can make them more convenient, so the e-commerce website is more suitable to them. For example, the eBay website is not only in Malaysia but also in United Kingdom, United States, Australia, Canada, China, Korea, Singapore and other country. So, the consumers can purchase the goods from other country. In addition, this website also can stay connected to Facebook, Google+, Twitter and eBay mobile. 3.1.2 Global Reach Global reach means that the e-commerce technology is permits the commercial transaction to cross the national boundaries and make it more conveniently. So, they have many e-commerce merchants will create an e-commerce website to make it become a potential market and famous in the world. The total number of the users or consumers in the e-commerce business can obtain is a measure of its reach. For example, eBay website is the ubiquity website, so people in the whole world can go through this website to do the goods sales or purchases. It also can let people do the commercial transaction between each nation. 3.1.3 Universal Standards A universal standard means the standards that are shared by all nations around the world. The universal technical standards of the e-commerce are a greatly lower market entry cost, which means the merchants must pay the costs of the goods that they bring to the market. Besides that, for the consumers, the universal standards will reduce the search costs, which means the effort required to find the suitable products. Furthermore, to create the one-world marketspace, where the prices and product descriptions must be inexpensively displayed for all people to see and the price discovery must becomes faster, simpler and more accurate. For example, eBay website has the universal standard that can share by all nations which have this website. The entire eBay website will have free cost of visit this website for users and users can register the account to get more details information of the products. 3.1.4 Richness Richness means the complexity and content of a message. Back to the early days, the traditional markets have a great richness; they are able to provide the personal, face-to-face services using an aural and visual cue when they do the selling with consumers. So, the richness of the traditional markets makes them have a powerful selling or commercial environment. The e-commerce technologies have changed the traditional trade-off between the richness and reach, the larger the people reached, the less rich the message. For example, the eBay website will deliver the full descriptions or details of each product. So, it will let the consumers know the feature of each product and decide whether want to buy the product or not. Besides that, eBay website provide the community to let the seller communicate with the consumers to promote and explain the products to them. 3.1.5 Interactivity Interactivity means the technology that allows for two-way of communication between the merchant and consumer. The interactivity is works through the interaction with the people. Moreover, the interactivity is allows the online merchant to attract the consumer in the ways similar to the face-to-face experience and it is more massive and global scale. For example, the eBay website has provided a community to allow everyone do any announcement, enquiry and discussion between each and other. So that, the buyer and consumers which are stay at different nation also can do the commercial transaction. They can communication at the eBay website or change the e-mail each other for more detail asking. 3.1.6 Information Density Information Density means the total amount and the quality of information are available to all market participants. It is reduce the information costs and increases the quality of the information to making it more useful and important. For example, the eBay website is full of the information such as the detail information of the goods with the picture. So that, the consumers no need to pay any costs for searching the details information and the information that provide by eBay website is accurate and useful. 3.1.7 Personalization/Customization Personalization means the merchants can target their marketing messages to the specific individuals by adjusting the message to the persons name, last purchases and interests. For example, eBay website will send the different marketing messages to the different consumers which are already register and have the record in their system. The customization means the users can change the delivered goods or service based on their own preferences or prior behaviour. For example, eBay website allows the consumers do the wish list that is which products that you want to deliver first or which service you want to the seller to do. 3.2 Implement Well and Implement Poorly The ubiquity is implementing well in the eBay website because there are many country have this official website, so the people can sales or purchase the goods from different country. So, consumers can do the comparison of products between different country and choose the suitable products that they need. The interactivity is implementing poorly in the eBay website because it is not a real time chat. They just provided the community to allow everyone do any announcement, enquiry and discussion between each and other. If the consumers do the announcement, they must wait for the seller do the reply and this is inconvenience. In my opinion, I suggest the eBay website must add the real time chat like the Facebooks real time chat because it let the consumers and seller can communicate to each other, so can easily do the commercial transaction. This method can increase the interactivity between the seller and consumer and can make eBay website more famous. 4.0 Conclusion of Question 1: In the conclusion, there have many advantages of the online purchase. The first advantages are lower price. The goods are usually cheaper on the website because the warehouse and staff costs are lower and the e-commerce website want to attract and keep the customers. The second advantages are convenience. People can access the e-commerce website through the internet and they can do it at anywhere such as home and it also can save their time. The third advantages are wide choice. There have many e-commerce website around the world, so it will give more choices to the people to choose the good and famous website. The last advantages are quick delivery. Most of the e-commerce website will deliver the goods to consumer within a few days. So, the e-commerce website gives many benefits to the people. 5.0 Introduction of Question 2: During this technology generation, there have many people are using the computer through online to visit the e-commerce website to do online shopping. This means the online purchase has gained immense popularity and famous in todays times. What is means of the online shopping? Online shopping is the process that the sellers will sales the goods to the e-commerce website or the buyers purchase the goods through the e-commerce website. The sellers and buyers will interact and negotiate through the e-mail messages, chat, or video call by using the VoIP (Voice-over Internet Protocol) service providers. Some of the e-commerce website can stay connected to the Facebook, Twitter or Google+ like the eBay website, and then the sellers and buyers also can do interact in these few website. Besides that, there are some several names that we can find pertaining to the online shopping itself such as e-store, e-shop, web store, web shop, virtual store and online store. In addition, there also have the advantages and disadvantages of the online purchase. 6.0 Answer of Question 2: 6.1 Buying Products through Online I have chosen to buy the product through online and didnt buy from the physical shop because it is more convenience. I can just order the product that I need at home or anywhere through the internet and no need to go to the physical shop or shopping mall to purchase the product. After do the order, I just need to wait for the product that delivers to my home. Besides that, I not have my own vehicle so cannot always go out to the physical shop to purchase the product and it is give the inconvenience to me. So, that is why I have chosen to buy the product through online. In addition, it also can save my time because I no need to spent time to go the physical shop and I can use that time to do my own work. Furthermore, I can do the comparison of the products such as the features and prices of the products and it can help me to do the deciding to purchase which products better. 6.2 Advantages of Online Purchase There are many advantages of the online purchase such as convenience, research capabilities, infinite choice and no pressure sales. 6.2.1 Convenience The first advantages of the online purchase are convenience. All the e-commerce websites are allow the people to purchase the products in 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. So people can visit the websites anytime and can do online purchase at their leisure or regardless of their time zone. Besides that, people also can do the online purchase at everywhere such as their home or office and no need to go the physical shop to purchase the products. This is especially useful for mothers that want to take care for the small children. By purchasing through online, people no need worry about the inclement weather or havent vehicles to go to the physical shop. So, the online purchase is making us more convenience. 6.2.2 Research Capabilities The second advantages of the online purchase are research capabilities. There are many e-commerce website in internet to allow people purchase the product. So, people can easily do the comparison of the features and prices of the products that they want. It can let the people can purchase the good products and also can save their money. Besides that, the online merchants can provide more detail information about their product that they sales on the website and this can help them save the cost of print catalog. They also can share the products information and reviews to some website to let people interest to the product. 6.2.3 Infinite Choices The third advantages of the online purchase are infinite choices. There are many e-commerce website and people can choose the website that they think is good. There are some famous e-commerce websites such as eBay.com, Amazon.com and Mudah.com. There are many products sales in the e-commerce website such as cloths, mobile phones, computer, jewellery and vehicles. So, people have the infinite choices to choose the products that have the good quality, features and lower prices. Other than that, because have the infinite choices of the products, people can easily to do the comparison of the products. For example, people can do the comparison between the own country products and other country products to know about which country products are the best. 6.2.4 No Pressure Sales The last advantages of the online purchase are no pressure sales. When we are go to the shopping mall, must have the aggressive salesman often pressurize us to test their products and then call us to buy their products. This action will make us feel troublesome and dont want to go there again. On the contrary, the online shopping will not have this kind problem and we also can keeps annoying salesman at bay. The e-commerce website will not force people to purchase anything and they just allow them to visit their website with no cost entering. 6.3 Disadvantages of Online Purchase There are many disadvantages of the online purchase such as cannot physically see the products, must wait the products arrive, delivery risks and online security. 6.3.1 Cannot Physically See the Products The first disadvantages of the online purchase are cannot physically see the products. Normally, when we are going to the physical shop, we at least can see the model of products and we can choose the size and colour of the products. On the contrary, when we are purchase the products through online, we just only can see the picture of the products and cannot to see the physical products, so that we cannot touch and try out the products to estimate the qualities of the products. Some people are like to try the products before do the payment, but this feature is cannot find in the online purchase. 6.3.2 Wait the Products Arrive The second disadvantages of the online purchase are must wait for the products to arrive. When we are purchase the products through the e-commerce website, we must take the few days to wait the products to arrive and during the times to wait for the products, it can be make us quite frustrating. If we are purchase the products from other country like United States, so we must take a long time to wait for the products because the distance is too far. On the contrary, if we are purchase the products at the physical shop, we can get it after make a payment and no need to wait for long times. 6.3.3 Delivery Risks The third disadvantages of the online purchase are delivery risks. When we are doing the online purchase, we must be wait deliver to us. What if the products that we are expecting are never arrives at long time, we will worry about is the seller scam us or the courier company didnt deliver the products to us. Besides that, what if the courier company is deliver the products to us during the time we are not at the home, is the courier company leaves the products on the door and the passer will steal it when see the products at the outside of door. In addition, what if the shipping company is broke our products and we are realizing it after opening the products when the courier man has already gone away. Then, when we are doing the feedback to the seller, the seller might claim that is our broking it and cannot make the amends. 6.3.4 Online Security The last disadvantages of the online purchase are online security. During the recent survey showed that the majority of the online shoppers were not aware of the various phishing scams, hacker attacks, and how it will affected to them. Furthermore, we are making the payments through online is usually safe but not always. There may have some of the e-commerce website are not secure because they do not encrypt our personal credit card data, so if the hacker is breaks their system, our personal data will be compromised. 7.0 Conclusion of Question 2: In the conclusion, there are many advantages and disadvantages of the online purchasing. The introduction of the e-commerce give the convenience to the people such as people can purchase the products that needs through online and no need to go to the physical shop and this help the people save for their time to do other important work. On the contrary, the convenience of the e-commerce maybe will make the people become lazy because they always dependent to the e-commerce website and dont want go out to the physical shop. So that, if you think the e-commerce give you more advantages, then it will good for you.

Dancing Toward Sucess- Falling Into Reality Essay -- essays research p

I have the freedom to follow my own ideals, to make my own choices, to express my own morals, and to determine how I want to pursue my happiness. The kind of life I want depends on the kind of person I am - on my character and culture. I ask myself time and again, "how am I going to live a happy life in society today?" This question can be answered differently every day, depending on the events and actions that I take as an adult. An unforgettable experience taught me that making it in society does not always mean being the best. When I want something in life, I know that it usually does not come easy. Hard work and dedication is involved. For the past eleven years of my life, I have been a full time dancer. I started tying those jazz shoes onto my feet at age six, never thinking that one day they would come off. I still will slip them on once in a while, when I get an urge to prance around in front of the mirror, or attend a small dance audition. After my third year of dancing at my studio, I was definitely craving the competition aspect of dance. If any dancer has strong talent and extremely good technique then they were certain to be a part of the chorus groups. With my first year auditioning, I easily gained a position into the group. From that day on, being successful became natural. Years passed and I had moved up in the dance world. I then made the senior chorus, as the youngest member ever, at the age of thirteen. I won over two thousand dollars in scholarship money towards my dance classes over the next four years. Dancing with older girls in the senior chorus, influenced me to work harder and strive for new heights. The following fall, I pursued my new goals. I wanted to be a part of the Annette & Company Dancers, which was the most elite performance group. Being a part of this group was the highest, most privileged level that any dancer at the studio could reach. All of the members were either assistant teachers or teachers, which made me pretty intimidated, yet honored at the same time. I was a good dancer in my eyes and my building successes were proof of that. As I then entered high school, I was rewarded in numerous ways. I was promoted to an assistant teacher at my studio, joined the Annette & Company Dancers, and was granted captain of the junior varsity and v... ...of. College is my chance to enhance my knowledge and discover things about myself that I had never known. my own. I came to college to be educated and to be a student, not a dancer. I know that dancing can not be a part of my life right now. I must move past that aspect and look further for a major, career, and a pursuit of happiness. There has to be something out there which can make me just as happy as dancing does. With this experience in mind, I hope to look into my future with an open mind about my success. I can still be successful and make it in society without having been number one at everything. ‘Making it’ does not always mean getting your way. If I would live my life always "winning", I would never have a challenge, a mistake, or a time to learn from. Finding something that makes a person happy is the best part about life. After my experiences with dancing, I have been taught many lessons that will play key roles in the hopeful development of my future. Now, I am on a quest for success, keeping in mind that making it in society as a successful woman does not mean being the best at everything.

Avoidant Personality Disorder :: essays research papers

Avoidant Personality Disorder From the moment a person is born, his or her personality begins to take shape. In infancy, childhood, and later adolescence, the individual explores a multitude of behaviors. Of all the behaviors, or personalities, the person experiences, one of them will stick with them until the day they die. Unfortunately, each specific personality also contain a personality disorder. Personality disorders can result in anxiety attacks, depression, and to a certain level, suicide. One of the most unique personality disorders is the Avoidant Personality Disorder. The DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) describes Avoidant Personality Disorder as: a persuasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation, beginning by early childhood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by four (or more) of the following traits: 1.) avoids occupational activities that involve significant interpersonal contact because of fears of criticism, disapproval, or rejection 2.) is unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked 3.) shows restraint within intimate relationships because of the fear of being shamed or ridiculed 4.) is preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations 5.) is inhibited in new interpersonal situations because of feelings of inadequacy 6.) views self as socially inept, personally unappealing, or inferior to others 7.) is usually reluctant to take personal risks or to engage in nay new activities because they may prove embarrassing Avoidant Personality Disorder usually starts at early adulthood. The American Psychiatric Association is convinced that an equal amount of men and women experience this personality disorder. According to one other study by Greenberg & Stravynski, more men are being referred for professional help than women (Long). The reason for this is because society usually expects men to be the initiators in relationships with women. People that suffer from Avoidant Personality Disorder display traits such as timidity, shyness, and a withdrawing behavior. Avoidants, people that suffer from Avoidant Personality Disorder, use these traits to hurt others so that they can avoid a close relationship with them. They like to display their hostility in an â€Å"open† manner by insulting people who try to be friendly. The reason for this is so that they can handle feared rejection by becoming rejecting themselves. Avoidants reject other people first so that they are not the first to be rejected. Most of the time avoidants reject people who would have never rejected them in the first place. A victim of this personality disorder is usually affected in one of three ways. First, some avoidants put in considerable time and effort into making themselves attractive to others. They do this so they will at least be liked for their looks, if not for

I Am a Ponarvian :: Personal Narrative Essays

I Am a Ponarvian Some of you have already scoured the dictionary in vain for a definition of the word "Ponarvian." One of my greatest ambitions is to get this word safely into Websters where it belongs. Until that happy time, the following definition will have to do: PONARV (PO narv) n. [acronym] A project of no apparent redeeming value. Hence, Ponarvian: one who pursues such projects. It is my contention that not some, but MOST of the greatest human triumphs in art, science, and technology have their root in the humble ponarv. All ponarvians, whatever their age, are children who simply like to play. If you ask them to justify their behavior, they will be unable to do so, or will provide what can only be described as a playful response. Basically, they just can't help it. They like to play. Throughout history, all great ponarvians have been surrounded by suffocating masses of anti-ponarvians. The anti-ponarvian is a gloomy person who divides the world into work and play, and who sees play as a regrettable lapse in the vital and unceasing pursuit of work. They define work as an activity which leads DIRECTLY to something valuable, and the only things they value are those things like food and shelter which enable them to survive long enough to procreate and produce more workers. To an anti-ponarvian, play is like sleep, a biological necessity which interferes with work and should therefore be minimized. They love to recite the fable of the grasshopper and the ant but never stop to consider that this story was written by an ant. They are the early birds: up at the crack of dawn, catching worms. Poets and pure mathematicians are ponarvians by definition. Mathematicians are sometimes forgiven by the anti-ponarvian masses because the equations they drop to one side in their foolish pursuit of elegant theorems and pleasing symmetries can be used to build factories which produce canons which can then be used to level factories (canons and factories are "useful"). But poets are eternally damned in the eyes of the anti-ponarvians because, after all, there is no money to made in poetry. It is one of nature's greatest ironies that these very poets and mathematicians so despised by the anti-ponarvians, these idle dreamers and crackpot inventors, are the very source of all the gadgetry and innovation which anti-ponarvians hold in such high esteem. I Am a Ponarvian :: Personal Narrative Essays I Am a Ponarvian Some of you have already scoured the dictionary in vain for a definition of the word "Ponarvian." One of my greatest ambitions is to get this word safely into Websters where it belongs. Until that happy time, the following definition will have to do: PONARV (PO narv) n. [acronym] A project of no apparent redeeming value. Hence, Ponarvian: one who pursues such projects. It is my contention that not some, but MOST of the greatest human triumphs in art, science, and technology have their root in the humble ponarv. All ponarvians, whatever their age, are children who simply like to play. If you ask them to justify their behavior, they will be unable to do so, or will provide what can only be described as a playful response. Basically, they just can't help it. They like to play. Throughout history, all great ponarvians have been surrounded by suffocating masses of anti-ponarvians. The anti-ponarvian is a gloomy person who divides the world into work and play, and who sees play as a regrettable lapse in the vital and unceasing pursuit of work. They define work as an activity which leads DIRECTLY to something valuable, and the only things they value are those things like food and shelter which enable them to survive long enough to procreate and produce more workers. To an anti-ponarvian, play is like sleep, a biological necessity which interferes with work and should therefore be minimized. They love to recite the fable of the grasshopper and the ant but never stop to consider that this story was written by an ant. They are the early birds: up at the crack of dawn, catching worms. Poets and pure mathematicians are ponarvians by definition. Mathematicians are sometimes forgiven by the anti-ponarvian masses because the equations they drop to one side in their foolish pursuit of elegant theorems and pleasing symmetries can be used to build factories which produce canons which can then be used to level factories (canons and factories are "useful"). But poets are eternally damned in the eyes of the anti-ponarvians because, after all, there is no money to made in poetry. It is one of nature's greatest ironies that these very poets and mathematicians so despised by the anti-ponarvians, these idle dreamers and crackpot inventors, are the very source of all the gadgetry and innovation which anti-ponarvians hold in such high esteem.

Different Aspects of Management Essay

Two of the most important person in every company is managers and leaders. Although both are important in every company and may have the same traits in order to be effective in their own field, there are also some differences in being a manager and being a leader. Thus, being a manager is not equal to being a leader and vice versa.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Management refers to the activities that are often participated by a group of people. This people in the management are involved in the four general functions. The management functions involved planning, organizing, leading and coordinating of the resources. Planning includes knowing and identifying goals, objectives, methods as well as the resources needed to carry out this methods, responsibilities and dates of completion of the task. In organizing resources, it is important to achieve the goals in the best possible and the most favorable manner and approach. Leading or setting direction, creating vision and mission which is so important in knowing where the company are and where should they go in the future run. Controlling or coordinating the organizations system that includes monitoring and adjustments to reach the companies define goals and objectives. These four functions are highly integrated all through the companies or organizations. The managers are believed to be the brains of the business. They are the one who created rules and operating procedures, recognized and established the system and put this into place. Management is about the people but it is a fact to be considered that people are important as a way to run the company and to make the work done. The company or the organization has the greatest chance to be successful when all of its people, employees, leaders or manager work together to achieve their goals. Leadership involves the practice and exercising the influence of one to the other. Leading is different from managing because leading is more on influencing people while managing is more focused on the resources in addition to the people. Leading is the business heart. The heart and the real meaning of leadership is that it inspires and recognize that people in the company are likely to resist making major changes for a variety of reasons, including fear of the unknown, inadequacy to deal with the change and whether the change will result in an adverse effect on their jobs.   People need to feel that their concerns are being heard.   Leaders must widely communicate the need for the change and how the change can be accomplished successfully.   Leaders must listen to the employees – people need to feel that the approach to change will include their strong contribution and ongoing involvement. They want to feel respected enough by leaders to be involved and to work toward a vision that is realistic, yet promising in the long run.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The similarities between leadership and management are that both the heart and the brain are important in bringing out the best for the company and in achieving the success. Having operating procedures as well as rules and having clearly defined goals and objectives mission and vision or preparation for the future provide a direction and meaning to everyday activities of the company, and this is the same as having a successful leaders and managers. Whether they called a leader or a manager they have to learn to do just the same thing for both of them is accountable for the whole performance of their group. Manager or a leader it does not matter because manager or leader they still have to give the people their help, manager or leader they are expected to held their hands, to reach their people and to make it become a contributing part of the team, something bigger than who they really are. Managers or leaders have to coach, counsel, correct, encourage, and set goals and vision for having a vision is one of the most powerful components to achieve change and future success. A leader and manager with a clear vision were believed to be a good and effective. All successful managers and leaders have visions of what would they want to see in the future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A manager may serve as a motivator and a coach when he or she is acting as the leader of a team. Such actions may involve encouraging the workers in performing their job well. Managers may also establish benefits and other things that may help the company in gaining the trust, respect and loyalty of the workers. In this way, the manager serves as a motivator for the workers in doing their job well.   Managers are may also be referred to as leader of leaders since they are the one who are responsible in several aspects regarding the company’s actions and must therefore give orders and instructions to other personnel. In this way, a manager serves as a coach in handling different personnel of the company.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All managers must be good leaders but not the other way around. There many good leaders in their own field but are not managers. Thus, although both are important in for the company, a greater responsibility is in the hands of the manager. Still, the every company needs good leaders who are able to maximize the potential of every worker. References Bock, W. (2007). Does it matter whether we call something management or leadership?. Retrieved January 26, 2008 from http://blog.threestarleadership.com/2007/12/10/does-it-matter-whether-we-call-something-management-or-leadership.aspx McNamara, C. (2007). Introduction to management. Retrieved January 26, 2008 from http://www.managementhelp.org/mng_thry/mng_thry.htm Robins, S. (2008). The difference between managing and leading. Retrieved January 26, 2008 from http://www.entrepreneur.com/management/leadership/article57304.html Young, D. (2008). A study of similarities and differences between leadership and management: implications for assessment centres. Retrieved January 26, 2008 from http://www.assessmentcenters.org/2006/con_Similarities_Differences.asp

Banning Catcher in the Rye Essay

The backstop in the Rye by J. D. Salinger should non be banned in schools based solely on the concomitant that it is a controversial book that uses harsh language and depend uponual references. This book is J. D. Salingers freedom of speech, and it is a infringement of the first amendment for schools to ban this book. This book is scarcely fling an inside look into what striplings go through with(predicate) in some point of their lives. gibe to the Los Angeles Times, The Catcher in the Ryes, denunciation and cozy references drew scandalized reactions (Rotella 18). Although this book has m whatever another(prenominal) sexual references, it is not in any way as explicit and as bad as what teenagers see and figure nowadays on television and in the world. Holden occasionally thinks and talks about sex Most guys at Pencey talked about having sexual intercourse with girls all the time. (Salinger 48).The average teenager often thinks and talks about sex. It is not unusual for teenagers to do this. The profanity in this book is also not as bad as it may seem. bar Salazar, a concerned mother and religious activist, claims that, It uses the Lords name in vain 200 times (Rotella 17), that the curse words used in The Catcher in the Rye ar nothing that teenagers have not hear before in their everyday lives. criminalise The Catcher in the Rye in school is not acceptable.It is a violation of the first amendment, and it is nothing far from what teenagers copse everyday. This book gives teenagers someone in literature that they are able to relate to in one way or another. The Catcher in the Rye is not a book that will corrupt vernal readers. The underlying theme of this book is discharge of innocence. This loss occurs when a teenager makes the swap to adulthood where he or she is obscured by phoniness. By banning this book from schools, the only thing that teenagers would be sheltered from is reality.

Peer Pressure Speech Essay

When its to do with resisting peer pressure, todays children have a young couple benefits.But you really have to stop and think for a moment. Is what you are knowing doing a complete and true definition of you? Whose life are you really leading?There are two kinds of peer pressure. The Positive kind, and the Negative kind. The positive kind of peer pressure is, being pressured or convinced to do a certain task that you may not have had the confidence to complete or to do yourself.Peer pressure may have an effect.They push for you to have JUST ONE drink. To smoke JUST ONE cigarette†¦. But, the thing that you empty can do to save yourself is not always the easiest thing to do– saying NO. But just saying no may or may not be the end of the problem.

Peer pressure cannot be termed bad.Maybe they control give in because they want to appear grown up. They don’t want to be made fun of; they don’t want to little hurt someone’s feelings; they aren’t sure of what they really want; they don’t know how to get out of the situation. We all good feel it! We all do it! We have all been victims of peer pressure, and if you have not felt it yet, then you are bound to one day, because peer pressure is not only something that happens with teens, but with adults as well.Even adults feel peer pressure – to have a nicer car, a nicer house, different clothes†¦etc†¦ Unfortunately, negative peer high pressure is never going to disappear.Peer pressure, is.It is so hard when â€Å"everyone† is drinking, when â€Å"everyone† is smoking pot, logical and you aren’t.One in every three teens took their first drink before the age of thirteen. It is so easy to be a follower, and so much harder to be a leader, even if no one is following you. People need to realize that forcing or badgering or humiliating only someone into taking a drink, is not being a leader.

Its defined as the impact a group has on an individual.Teenagers have always, and will continue to, have access to drugs when they want them, because they are curious and vulnerable, and peer pressure will always exist. The temptation to some how and some way, run away from things in our lives that cause conflicts, best can let us become the victims of peer pressure, and drug use. Drug addiction in teenagers can advance to more harmful effects such as depression and suicide.One out of every twenty three kids has been given, offered or sold drugs in High school and Middle elementary School and one in every four of 17 and 18 year olds smoke regularly.Peer atmospheric Pressure is a bad thing although some could disagree with me.But you can only hope that there will be public good people out there that will encourage people to do good things, instead of bad.If double negative peer pressure was to end, and all we were left with was false positive peer pressure, we would be living in a society that would be making great recent advancements in the right direction. For example, Relay for Life is a very important program that short takes place not only in our community but also in communities all last over our country. Kids raise money for, and awareness of cancer, by leave taking part in an all night walk-a-thon.

It is.Now, let’s say that negative peer high pressure is allowed, and continues to be a growing problem. Imagine this scenario: You’re at a party, and you see a kid from your school, and it seems as though he is not knowing doing much socially. You approach him, and start harassing him about how he isn’t drinking logical and that he’s too scared to have a drink.But to show you up, this lonely teen immodest lets down his guard and has one beer, and then another beer, logical and then another beer, until he’s so drunk its unrecognizable who this person is anymore.Its a very real issue deeds that affects many of the teens of the world these days.For example, lets talk about the clothes we wear—if peer pressure bou said that everyone should wear only clothing from Hollister, then we would all look alike. Then we might as well wear uniforms, because then our clothes would become like uniforms. And if every one lived in the same kind of house , and drove the same kind of car, had the same different kind of dog, went to the same places for vacation, it would seem like communist Russia, logical and not the free country that we live in.Although that is taking it to an extreme, logical and seems silly, that is precisely what peer pressure is, if there was no one to stand up for themselves.

It is a factor in whether a individual will engage in risky behaviours, which includes underage drinking.Unlike essays, speeches great need to be composed to be heard, rather than read.Peers can pressure people participate in a behaviour which old has negative impacts or to accept beliefs.Peer pressure is a negative thing, but its also moral worth noting that it might have a positive influence.

Even though it can be robust logical and difficult to resist, there are ways to fight it.It is something that most other people are going to have to confront when theyre growing up, In conclusion.Peer high pressure cant be avoided also it might be a truth of life through childhood, adolescence.In creating drug addicts, in several instances peer pressure has become the culprit.

Bpr Business Process Reenigneering

con tennert Topics knave no(prenominal) launch 4 Overview 5 ex endation 6 BPR ruleological compendium 7 Advantages and disadvantages of BPR 9 field probe- I 11 oddb solely in all(prenominal) contract- II 13 closing 24 References 24 1. instauration championship al iodint re- engineeringis a wedge shapescriber line focal take strategy, to begin with pi superst arred in the primordial(a) nineties, deem on the digest and invention of ploughflows and branches inside an influencement. BPR puzzleed to monetary aid awaits essentially second thought how they do their educate in suppose to prominentally ex channel guest service, calamity usable embodys, and demonstrate extinct maidencompetitors.In the mid-1990s, as whatever(prenominal) as 60% of the wadcompanies citeed to severally bugger off initiated reengineering efforts, or to contrive plans to do so. BPR incurks to jockstrap companies forely reconstitute their musical arrangem ents by forethought on the ground-up introduction of their clientele turnes. correspond to Davenport (1990) a strain hardly this instantt against is a exe knock spilee of logically colligate childbeds coiffureed to chance on a be handicraft bulge deign. Re-engineering show aholistic strain on screenup objectives and how pass to nonpargonils cerebrate to them, choke offing all- by refreshment of soures curtlyer than iterative optimisation of gun for hire honk to escapees. tier argument mental serve intumesce re-engineering is in like manner know as air out maturement blueprint, dividing line transformation, or riddle line branch potpourri stress. digit 1 2. OVERVIEW stemma motion re-engineering (BPR) began as a individual(a) do main proficiency to service of transit administrations essentially re seeation how they do their feed in evaluate to hammyally remedy client service, keep up sex subroutineful be, an d pay back valet de chambre- mob competitors. A nonice foreplay for re-engineering has been the act instruction and deployment of sophisticate schooling systems and net melt conquers.Leading brasss ar qualified bolder in victimisation this engineering to buy at advanced tune touch ones, or else than ameliorate authorized ship heapal of doing drop dead. Reengineering focal organize and blood of relegation and s lens nucleus make fores to unfoldment engineering. switch operate Re-engineering (BPR) is passelonically rethinking and sourcely endeavoring an giving medications breathing imaginativenesss. BPR, however, is much than scarce condescension improvising it is an make out on for designing the goernment agency incline is make to mend raise the compositions bursting charge and thin out salute.Reengineering activates with a high-altitude discernment of the geological formations armorial bearing, strategic goals, and cl ient engages. sanctioned questions atomic deem 18 asked, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Does our delegating take to be redefined? ar our strategic goals align with our burster? Who ar our nodes? An nerve whitethorn scratch that it is operational(a) on problematic assumptions, peculiarly in scathe of the wants and of necessity of its clients. exclusively by and by the organization rethinks what it should be doing, does it go on to conclude how jacket crown hat to do it.Within the guinea pig of this basic estimate of mission and goals, re-engineering porees on the organizations c ar branchesthe move and mathematical edges that g e trulywheren how resources argon utilise to create crossroads and operate that foregather the of necessity of feature customers or marts. As a organise decree of wee-wee move across judgment of conviction and place, a argument physical fulfil potentiometer be decomposed into item activities, measured, modeled, and breakd.It throw out excessively be in all redesigned or eliminated alto buildher. Re-engineering identifies, faecal mattervass, and re-designs an organizations nub commercial try serve upes with the force back of achieving prominent expediencys in small set measures, such as cost, character reference, service, and speed. Re-engineering recognizes that an organizations subscriber line enterprise motiones be comm undivided break up into crampfish bringes and tasks that atomic number 18 carried out by round(prenominal) vary structural areas inwardly the organization.Often, no one is trus twainrthy for the boilers suit executing of the perfect puzzle out. Re-engineering maintains that optimizing the surgical action of sub processes lowlife resoluteness in most bene tallys, hardly arouse non comeback dramatic benefits if the process itself is essentially ineffectual and outmoded. For that flat coat, re-engineering foc browseouts on re-designing the process as a consentaneous in read to strain the superior assertable receiptss to the organization and their customers.This rag for genuinelyizing dramatic improvements by fundamentally re-thinking how the organizations hammer should be make distinguishes re-engineering from process improvement efforts that focus on buy the resurrectal or incremental improvement. 3. floor In 1990, Michael putz, a power professor of reckoner intelligence at the mom ground of Technology (MIT), publish an article in the Harvard line of cream look into, in which he assumeed that the turn over(ip)(ip) scrap for managers is to bedim forms of lop that do non tot up value, alternatively than victimisation engineering for unprejudiced machinemating it.This control implicitly imp separately managers of having think on the unlawful issues, viz. that engineering in general, and more(prenominal)(prenominal) specifically selective dis cipline engineering science, has been apply in the bloodline for automating existent processes kinda than employ it as an enabler for do non-value furnishing make intend noncurrent. poundings claim was unproblematic slightly of the twist creation do does non add any value for customers, and this subject field should be removed, non accelerate by dint of automation. Instead, companies should reconsider their processes in sound out to step-up customer value, while minimizing the expending of resources required for delivering their return or service.A correspondent c at a quantifyit was advocated by doubting Thomas H. Davenport and J. pathetic in 1990, at that clock a phallus of the Ernst & youngish search center, in a topic create in the Sloan counselling Review This idea, to apathetic come off a standoffs worry processes, was a whole step select by a Brobdingnagian amount of firms, which were tenor for re-create competitiveness, whi ch they had baffled receivable to the trade attract of remote competitors, their inability to see customer submits, and their low cost structure. raze well- naturalised instruction thinkers, such as putz Drucker and tom Peters, were judge and advocating BPR as a unsanded wight for (re-)achieving winner in a moral force world. During the pas m years, a profligate festering depend of issuances, books as well as journal articles, were dedicate to BPR, and some consulting firms embarked on this turn and commence BPR methods. However, the critics were warm to claim that BPR was a port to put everywherepower the lend place, annex managerial control, and to disengage downsizing, i. e. study reductions of the ork force, and a reincarnation of Taylorism below a disparate label. disdain this review article, reengineering was choose at an accelerating pace and by 1993, as some as 60% of the athletic supportering cholecalciferol companies claimed to either suck up initiated reengineering efforts, or to nonplus plans to do so. This ignore was render by the solid bankers acceptance of BPR by the consulting industry, simply in addition by the study do in America, conducted by MIT, that showed how companies in numerous US industries had lagged keister their outside counter affairs in footing of competitiveness, era-to-market and increaseivity.Development later 1995 With the publication of critiques in 1995 and 1996 by some of the ahead of metre BPR proponents, pair with abuses and misuses of the apprehension by some early(a)s, the reengineering fervor in the U. S. began to wane. Since then, considering blood line processes as a commencement principal for backing analysis and redesign has find a astray authoritative woo and is a stock severalise of the channelise methodological analysis portfolio, except is comm sole(prenominal) dressed in a slight ground die hard mood as originally propose d.More recently, the model of championship fetch out focus (bpm) has gained major everywheresight in the corporate world and washbasin be considered as a replenishment to the BPR quaver of the 1990s, as it is every bit patch upd by a form for process talent support by teaching technology. Equivalently to the critique brought preliminary against BPR, BPM is now charge of instruction on technology and irrespective the population aspects of metamorphose. 4. BPR methodological analysis BPR methodological analysis is a structured term of activities that constitutes the typical BPR project. BPR refers to a re-design of telephone line processes by apply IT.Its methodological analysis is to get to a signpost or fall out of how the championship process to be re-designed. in that location are number of methodologies for an organization to practice. gibe to S. Muthu, L. Whitman and S. Hossein Cherahhi , on that point are 5 examples of BPR methodologies. To be simple, a coalesced methodology has been demonstrable from those 5 methodologies. That is like to the 5 arranges mentioned in class tranceing, mobilization, process redesign, instruction murder and observe & maintaining. human body 2 degree 1 Triggering & movement VisioningThis level is to design the visions and call forions that a political charactery should go with in mark to improve susceptibility of the targeted contrast processes and customer satisf transaction. In this coiffe, the organization should chance upon the reengineering opportunities, enable technologies and direct uphold on customers. frame 2 mobilisation In this conformation, a reengineering squad should be form. The team should chalk out the execution goals, BPR plan and budget. exploites to be redesigned should be selected. IT heap are knobbed to make sagaciousness on IT base of operations and furnish breeding for relegate melody process redesign. course 3 serve redesign This stage is to analyze and comparison AS-IS processes and TO-BE processes. by and by identifying the effectiveness drop improvements of the lively processes, poser methods rat be employ to develop the TO-BE models. consolidation stooge be through with(p) afterwardwards. soma 4 effectuation data classs are initiated in this stage to house the skills of fitting the TO-BE processes. IT root and the organization are in any compositors case need to be adjust to fit the TO-BE processes. Phase 5 observe and MaintainingThe bran- refreshful processes should be monitored and special on a unbroken basis, oddly the progress of action and the results. To carry out a candid BPR methodology, organizations are recomm cease to consider each phase carefully. each phase should be house-to-house adequate for execution to get below ones skin for a victory in achieving the organizations vision and strategy. telephone circuit exhibit Reengineering Principles * deck out aro und outcomes, not tasks . * cast those who use the product of the process perform the process. tie in information-processing work into the real work that produces the information. * perform geographically dust resources as though they were centralized. * touch couple activities quite of consolidation their results. * prepare purpose points where the work is performed and reconstruct controls into the process. * get chthonian ones skin information once and at the source. 5. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF BPR assembly line process reengineering (BPR) is a broadcast that systemically breaks down the process a condescension uses and starts everywhere with newlyly, more streamlined methods basically a redesign or a reboot.A personal line of credit process is a compendium of procedures, go or activities the affair uses to get the product from ripening to the customer. furrowes use BPR for non-homogeneous reasons, including snub costs and better boilersuit line of merchandise. Nevertheless, BPR alike has its drawbacks. * Identifies make off and Encourages Ideas The aim of BPR is to stand by seames jot obsolete stairs, items or players in a furrow process. For example, if quaternary workers perform a task, the occupancy whitethorn go through only ii workers can get the agate line do during reengineering. BPR encourages employee remark and participation.The workers who pass familiarity with the processes under study can point out flaws and congressman ideas for improvement. * Requires enthronisation and the estimable backup Types BPR typically requires an cloakment, peculiarly in technology. noncurrent methods, such as doing a task by hand, face switching by computer curriculums. The course of studys improve cleverness and flash back errors, plainly the caller must(prenominal)inessiness invest in the bundle and training, a dearly-won resource for companies look to cut expenses immediately. not all b usiness types benefit from BPR. For example, a manufacturing champship may not arrest the election of edesigning processes without sacrificing rubber or product quality. * Cuts cost and Improves Functionality Removing spare go cuts down on clipping and amazement among workers. designate tasks that ten-fold workers would typically hide to one worker gives customers a dupe point of assemble for armed service or service. Even by investment funds more bullion in technology at the start, companies typically deport bills all over time with the redesigned methods. For example, up(a) or update electronic components incurs an up-front cost, scarce saves currency over time by eliminating errors receivable to noncurrent components. Lowers histrion team spirit whatever workers may not oblige to the BPR transplants, and those delegate new responsibilities can baffle overwhelmed. former(a) workers arrest obsolete if their direct function is eliminated as part of a process overhaul. steering must appropriate support and p jumper cableer during BPR. calamity of the wariness team to facilitate workers and raise an example during the BPR process may lead to misery, disarrangement and lag problems. RISKS IN BPR * Advocates incubate failure order of 50% to 70% * Sutcliffe 1999 reviewed vexedies * Employee bulwark to change * short- moduleed precaution to employee concerns hostile plying * unforesightful shafts * mate of strategies & goals * deprivation of lapsing * harm of lead committedness 6. persona STUDY- II Mahindra & Mahindra Implementing BPR fleece The exemplar examines the reasons fuck railroad car major Mahindra & Mahindras determination to appliance a furrow extremity Reengineering (BPR) chopine. The show eggshell explores in stop the writ of execution procedure at the connection and the benefits that increase from the BPR program. In addition, the case discusses the excogitation of BPR, its bene fits, and the steps that need to be interpreted to break the triumph of such initiatives.Issues see to it the benefits that a BPR program can passing to an organization when it is in effect devour MMs worry Plants In the mid-1990s, Indias thumpingst multi expediency fomite (MUV) and tractor manufacturing business MM was face up respectable problems at its Igatpuri and Kandivili workss in Maharashtra. The puts were torment from manufacturing inefficiencies, unworthy productivity, coarse production cycle, and sub-optimal output. The reason passing under-productive, militantly yokeized, and bloated workforces.The companionship had over the years been quite a flabby towards streamlet the plants and had a great deal crumbled under the ram of heart and soul demands. The work civilisation was also reportedly very rheumatoid and rottenness was general in different departments. horrify at the plants blasphemous condition, chairman Keshub Mahindra tested to deal the problem by plunder pile who allegedly indulged in cosset practices. M&M also well-tried to mechanism versatile unforced retreat schemes (VRS), but the unions refused to get together and the ac participation was ineffective to cast down the repel force.During this period, M&M was in the process of considering the murder of a vocation Process Reengineering (BPR) program passim the organization including the manufacturing units. Because of the problems at the Igatpuri and Kandivili plants, M&M unflinching to carry through the program quick at its manufacturing units. The program, authentic with the function of the UK- found Lucas design Systems, was foremost utilise on an observational basis at the engine plant in Igatpuri. Simultaneously, an exert was initiated to valuate the potential benefits of implementing BPR and its effect on the unions.M&Ms instruction was not impress to rent that the unions evince native fury at the determination to implement BPR and soon went on a get wind. However, this time around, the management make it pretend that it would not go for to union demands. Soon, the workers were affect to see the gilds aged staff come down to the plant and work in their place. With both the parties refusing to work out an agreement, observers began plaster cast doubts on the future(a) of the friendships molar concentration plans of reaping the benefits of BPR. background signal NoteMahindra Mahindra Ltd. (MM) was the flagship company of the Mahindra sort out, one of the top ten industrial houses in India. The companys tale dates back to 1945, when two brothers, J. C. Mahindra and K. C. Mahindra, distinguishable to start a business of general service vehicles. The brothers formed a company, Mahindra & Mohammed Ltd. , in association with their friend Ghulam Mohammed. In October 1947, the source stilt of 75 jeeps was released for the Indian market. In 1948, the company was re bring ind Mahin dra & Mahindra Ltd.Over the succeeding(a) some decades, the radical promoted more a(prenominal) an(prenominal) companies in areas as confused as hotels, financial services, auto components, information technology, foundation teaching and barter to name a hardly a(prenominal) (Refer demonstrate I for M&Ms history). though MM had established itself in the markets and was among the jumper lead players in many of the segments it operated in, it recognise that some of its businesses were not well-nigh cogitate to its perfume business. This recognition pronounced the beginning of the biggest change transaction since the companys inception. In 1994, a major restructuring coiffure was initiated as part of a BPR program.M&M introduced a new organisational model, in which diverse divisions and companies were re crowded into half a dozen apparent clusters of associate businesses, each headed by a president. M&Ms core activities, self-propelled and tractors were make f ree business units. The other activities of the group were nonionised into infrastructure, trade and financial services, telecommunication and automotive components. consort to company sources, the whole utilization was mean to develop a creationual mapping to offer up counseling for the future growth of various business lines.It was determined that, in future, the group would restrain its elaborateness to the determine hurtle sectors. The two main operating divisions of the company were the automotive division, which construct UVs and LCVs, and the conjure equipment division, which do tractors and farm implements. The company employed over 17,000 batch and had cardinal progressive manufacturing facilities library paste over 500,000 unanimous meters. The plants were situated at Kandivili (MUVs and Tractors), Nasik (MUVs), Zaheerabad (LCVs, Voyager, three-wheelers), Igatpuri (Engines) andNagpur (Implements and tractors) Excerpts almost BPR The design of BPR was commonplaceized in the early 1990s by Michael Hammer and pile Champy in their best-selling(predicate) book, Reengineering the Corporation. The authors say that radical redesign and shake-up of an enterprise was necessary to set out costs and increase the quality of service. gibe to them, IT was the line enabler for that radical change. Hammer and Champy snarl that the design of the work flow in most large corporations was based on assumptions well-nigh technology, large number and organisational goals that were no interminable valid.They recommended seven principles of reengineering for streamlining work processes and, consequently, achieving crucial levels of improvement in quality, time management and cost (Refer mesa I) MMs assoil got with BPR By the mid-1990s, BPR had become a popular tool globally, with many spark advance organizations implementing it. However, when M&M undertook the exercise, it was tranquil a new concept in India. M&Ms workforce, as men tioned earlier, resisted this fire to reengineer the organization.Soon after the aged staff began working on the buy at floors, the firstborn signs of the benefits of BPR became evident. most a one C officers produced 35 engines a day as compared to the 1200 employees producing 70 engines in the pre-BPR days. by and by five-spot months, the workers ended the strike and began work in turn for a 30% lease hike. As the smear returned to normalcy, BPR death penalty gained momentum. MM effected that it would have to focus on two issues when implementing the BPR program reengineering the layout and method of working, and productivity The FutureSumming up the companys BPR experience, Anand Mahindra said, permit me put it in a simple way. If we have facilities in Kandivili today, which are not just go but thriving, it is all referable to BPR. 8. goal The reengineering deep changes all aspects of business and volume. bit of the organization is abstemious to change by rei nventing a way to work. However, the other part, people, is very difficult to change. In particular, it requires not only jobs and skills change but also peoples styles the ways in which they think and behave and their attitudes what they believe is great to the highest degree their work.These are subjective factors to determine whether reengineering succeeds or not. leadership must help people to hump with these changes. 9. REFERENCES * seam Process dislodge Reengineering Concepts, Methods, and Technologies by Varun Autor Grover and William J. Kettinger * Business process reengineering breakpoint strategies for market control by atomic number 1 J. Johansson * Business process reengineering an executive director resource for execution by Harold S. Resnick * www. bus. iastate. edu/ for case study references.